German defence ministry 'could halt project' over Chinese wind turbine fears

Ministry confirms it issued statement on construction of Luxcara project in North Sea with turbines by Chinese OEM Mingyang

German defence minister Boris Pistorius
German defence minister Boris PistoriusPhoto: Johannes Frandsen / European Union

Germany’s defence ministry is openly flagging concerns over the use of Chinese kit in German offshore wind farms and reportedly could halt construction of the Waterkant project, which developer Luxcara is planning to build with turbines from Mingyang.

The defence ministry confirmed to Recharge that it has handed a written statement about the planned 270MW wind project to Germany’s interior ministry, which is responsible for most internal security matters, but didn’t give details about the statement’s content in this specific case.

Asked in general about the use of Chinese wind turbines in German waters, a defence ministry official said: “We must balance the goal of climate neutrality with the goals of military security and the operational capability of the Bundeswehr [German Army].

“It is clear that there are concerns here, that we have concerns about the fact that Chinese elements are being used here.”

Asset manager Luxcara shocked the European wind industry last year when it named Mingyang as preferred supplier for the project, triggering both cybersecurity concerns and worries that Chinese OEMs could push their European rivals out of business through alleged dumping practices.
Germany’s defence ministry could halt the construction of Waterkant with Mingyang turbines due to concerns about possible “espionage and sabotage” online news outlet Table.Media reported last week.

Chinese turbines and surveillance technology could be used to spy on critical sea routes, harbour entrances, and military training areas in the North Sea, the the news outlet stated.

Mingyang has been asked for comment by Recharge.

The Waterkant project is located around 90km north of the island of Borkum in Germany’s exclusive economic zone, and close to key North Sea shipping routes.

Chinese vessels have recently been suspected of espionage in the North and Baltic Seas, as well as helping Russia's shadow fleet in acts of sabotage against critical undersea infrastructure such as power cables – heightening concerns by governments and the wind industry that Chinese turbines could in the future also get involved in such activity.

Sensors and cameras equipped with Chinese offshore wind technology could allow the sea approaches to Cuxhaven, Wilhelmshaven, Bremerhaven, and Hamburg, as well as military-relevant training areas, to be directly monitored, both above and possibly underwater, the news outlet reported. Furthermore, the control and regulation elements could be shut down through sabotage, thus jeopardising the security of supply for German consumers, it was claimed.

Germany's interior ministry, which is responsible for most domestic security issues, told Recharge it has submitted a statement to the federal maritime and hydrographic agency (BSH), which is handling the permitting of Waterkant.

"As demonstrated not least by the decisions regarding 5G networks, the Federal Ministry of the Interior takes potential security risks associated with untrustworthy manufacturers very seriously," the ministry said.

"This applies particularly to the energy sector, which is of particular importance due to its fundamental relevance to security of supply."

The ministry didn't comment further on the content of its statement to the BSH, though.

Luxcara, in an updated comment to Recharge Wednesday, somewhat downplayed the ping-pong of statements between German ministries and government agencies, arguing the participation process was standard practice for the approval of all offshore wind farms in the North and Baltic Seas.

"Its primary purpose is to consider the concerns of relevant stakeholders and incorporate them into the final planning," Luxcara said.

"At this time, we do not yet know the content of the submitted comments, but we are in close contact with the relevant authorities.

"The Federal Maritime and Hydrographic Agency (BSH) is responsible for issuing the planning approval decision."

The BSH said it is currently reviewing the proposed Luxcara project and the comments received.

"The Offshore Wind Energy Act (WindSeeG) provides the framework for the review of offshore wind energy projects," the agency told Recharge, adding offshore wind farm applications can only be approved if, "the safety and ease of traffic are not compromised, the security of national and [Nato] alliance defence is not compromised."
Mingyang and other Chinese OEMs have previously rejected claims they pose a security threat and offered to introduce safeguards to reassure European governments over the security of turbines and their data.

Red button to turn off power supply?

Asked about a potential stop to the use of Chinese turbines in German waters, the offshore wind federation (BWO), a group mostly representing operators of wind at sea, pointed to an already highly globalised supply chain, in which European manufacturers such as Vestas or Siemens Gamesa use many Chinese components in their wind turbines.

While Europe fundamentally should do everything to strengthen its supply chain, “at the same time, the BWO advocates for open global trade”, the group’s managing director Stefan Thimm said at an offshore conference in Berlin last week.

“We do not believe in protective measures and the fundamental rejection of plants and manufacturers simply because they come from countries that are currently in geopolitical conflict with us.”

At the same time, Europe must “ensure that there isn't that famous red button that can turn off our power supply in Europe,” Thimm said.

“Instead, we need to consider which components we can source, and which are safety-relevant.”

But, as the Luxcara project – along with 16GW of other offshore wind capacity – had been allocated already under framework conditions without constraints, measures restricting the market now and increasing costs for the procurement of large components could be seen as “retroactive”, Thimm warned.

“We strongly reject this. Of course, we have to consider cybersecurity, but we can't simply say that just because the plants come from whatever country — China is always cited — they shouldn't be built here. We don't believe in that.”

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Published 27 May 2025, 11:29Updated 28 May 2025, 12:56
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